Several emerging sinonasal malignancies have recently been described in the pathology literature. Although not all distinctly classified by the World Health Organization, these rare tumors present a management challenge to surgeons and oncologists. While prior studies have summarized histologic details, a clinically focused review is currently lacking in the literature. This review describes the presentation, histopathology, imaging, treatment, and prognosis of newly described or recently evolving sinonasal malignancies while highlighting the distinguishing features of these entities. It includes teratocarcinosarcoma, human papillomavirus-related multiphenotypic carcinoma, biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma, sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma, NUT-midline carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma associated with inverted papilloma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, and INI-1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma. By describing the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of these recently defined entities, this clinical review aims to help guide oncologists in the clinical management of these patients. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND There is little data describing neurocognitive late sequelae in patients treated for oropharyngeal cancer. METHODS Using PROs, scores for "numbness/tingling" and "difficulty remembering" were assessed. Wilcoxon testing was utilized to compare mean assessment scores (1-10) between treatment subgroups. RESULTS Four-hundred ninety-seven patients were evaluated and 267 (54%) received chemotherapy. The mean score for numbness/tingling for patients receiving radiation alone was 0.99 and for each chemotherapy subgroup were Induction chemotherapy (IC), 1.35 (n = 99); concurrent chemotherapy (CCRT), 1.04 (n = 111) and IC?+?CCRT, 2.48 (n = 57); 30% of patients who received IC?+?CCRT had scores ?5. The mean scores for difficulty remembering were XRT 1.44, chemotherapy 1.45, and IC?+?CCRT subgroup 2.42. CONCLUSIONS The symptom burden related to peripheral neuropathy and cognitive complaints was minimal. A minority of patients reported high burdens. Particularly, 30% of patients receiving IC?+?CCRT described moderate to severe numbness/tingling. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system affecting young adults. SNPs can be used as genetic biomarkers to identify disease-related genes such as MS. Moreover, SNPs can be considered as important determinants for an increased risk of autoimmune diseases such as MS. Studies have shown that miR-182 is of importance in Treg cell development and function as critical regulators in autoimmune disease. So far, no study has been conducted to investigate the association between rs4541843 polymorphism in pri-miR-182 and MS. In the present study, we assessed the frequency of rs4541843 different alleles and genotypes and their association with MS risk in Iranian population. METHODS The rs4541843 was genotyped in 81 patients with MS and 89 healthy subjects, using the PCR-RFLP method. The frequency of alleles and genotypes and the association of this polymorphism with MS risk and the gender of the patients was then statistically analyzed. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed the protective role of AA genotype against MS risk (P =?.031, OR = 0.348) while there was no significance correlation between the frequency of rs4541843 different alleles and the other genotypes. CONCLUSION Our findings illustrated that the pri-miR-182 rs4541843 G&gt;A polymorphism is associated with the risk of MS in Isfahan population. However, additional large-scale association studies in various ethnicities and more molecular studies are necessary to elaborate our findings. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The computed fluoride ion affinity (FIA) is a valuable descriptor to assess the Lewis acidity of a compound. Despite its widespread use, the varying accuracy of applied computational models hampers the broad comparability of literature data. Herein, we evaluate the performance of selected methods (like DLPNO-CCSD(T)) in FIA computations against CCSD(T)/CBS data and guide for the choice of suitable density functionals that allow the treatment of larger Lewis acids. Based on the benchmarked methods, we computed an extensive set of gas-phase and solvation corrected FIA, that is covering group 13-16 elements featuring moderate to strong electron-withdrawing substituents (190 entries). It permits an unbiased comparison of FIA over a significant fraction of the periodic table, serves as a source of reference for future synthetic or theoretical studies, and allows to derive some simple design principles for strong fluoride ion acceptors. Finally, the manuscript includes a tutorial section for the computation of FIA with and without the consideration of solvation. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Gleason score (GS) is a histologic prognostic factor and the basis of treatment decision-making for prostate cancer (PCa). Treatment regimens between lower-grade (GS??7) and high-grade (GS?&gt;7) PCa differ largely and have great effects on cancer progression. PURPOSE To investigate the use of different sequences in biparametric MRI (bpMRI) of the prostate gland for noninvasively distinguishing high-grade PCa. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-06700841.html STUDY TYPE Retrospective. POPULATION In all, 489 patients (training cohort N = 326; test cohort N = 163) with PCa between June 2008 and January 2018. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T, pelvic phased-array coils, bpMRI including T2 -weighted imaging (T2 WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI); apparent diffusion coefficient map extracted from DWI. ASSESSMENT The whole prostate gland was delineated. Radiomic features were extracted and selected using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the minimum redundancy-maximum relevance, and the sequential backward elimination algorithm. Two single-sequence radiomic (T2 WI test cohort P = 0.924). DATA CONCLUSION Radiomics based on bpMRI can noninvasively identify high-grade PCa before the operation, which is helpful for individualized diagnosis of PCa. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE 2. © 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.